Single-Stage vs Multistage Centrifugal Pumps: What’s the Difference?
- katherinefuad
- Apr 17
- 3 min read
When you're reviewing your pump system or planning an upgrade, understanding what pump is right for your application will make all the difference — especially when it comes to pressure requirements, efficiency, and system compatibility.
Two of common types you’ll come across are end suction and split case pumps. At first glance, they might seem pretty similar — both are centrifugal pumps, both used in a wide range of building services applications — but the way they’re designed and how they operate can impact everything from footprint and maintenance to performance and cost.
Key Differences at a Glance
Features | Single-Stage Pumps | Multistage Pumps |
Number of Impellers | One | Two or more |
Pressure Capability | Low to medium | Medium to high |
Flowrate | High | Moderate, steady |
Design Complexity | Simple | Complex |
Applications | Circulation, HVAC, wastewater | Boiler feed, tall buildings, reverse osmosis |
What Is a Single-Stage Centrifugal Pump?
A single-stage centrifugal pump uses just one impeller to move fluid. As the impeller spins, it imparts energy to the liquid, which is then converted into pressure as the flow exits the pump casing.
Pros:
Simple and cost-effective
Easy to maintain and install
Cons:
Limited pressure capacity
Less efficient for high-pressure applications
Not always the most energy-efficient option for complex systems
Best suited for:
Applications needing high flow but lower pressure
Water circulation
Cooling towers and HVAC
What Is a Multistage Centrifugal Pump?
A multistage pump has two or more impellers mounted on the same shaft. Each stage builds pressure progressively — with the fluid moving from one impeller to the next.
This makes them ideal for high-pressure applications without needing a large motor. In fact, their energy efficiency often makes them the preferred choice where pressure demands are high and space or power is limited.
Pros:
Delivers higher pressure with less energy
Can achieve better efficiency per impeller
More precise flow control
Cons:
More complex to install and maintain
May not handle solids or abrasive fluids well
Higher upfront cost
Best suited for:
Multi-storey building water supply
Boiler feed systems
Reverse osmosis and desalination
Long-distance fluid transport
Choosing the Right Pump for Your System
There’s no one-size-fits-all solution when it comes to pump systems. It all comes down to your pressure requirements, flow rate, fluid type, and the energy demands of your building or process - That’s where we come in.
deckpro pumps offer free site surveys and performance reports to help you get the most out of your current setup — or identify where improvements can be made. Whether you're looking to boost efficiency, cut energy usage, or futureproof your plant room, we can help you spec the right solution for your site.
Not sure what would perform best in your system? We’ll help you uncover opportunities to optimise — whether it’s a smarter pump selection or getting more out of the one you’ve got.
If you’re reviewing pump performance or planning for future upgrades, knowing the difference between single-stage and multistage centrifugal pumps is a solid starting point. From energy efficiency to system suitability, the right choice could save you a lot in the long run.
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